Substitutions
Glossy double-lobed leaves from a knobbly Southeast Asian lime, holding a concentrated floral lime oil that is quite different from lime juice.
What it does in a recipe: A high, floral citrus perfume that survives simmering - it flavours coconut curries and soups from the start rather than the finish. Pick the swap that covers that job - the ratios below are written so you can act on them without doing any arithmetic.
Also called: Makrut lime leaves, Bai makrut
Quick answer
Frozen kaffir lime leaves
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 2 frozen kaffir lime leavesAll substitutes, best first
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 2 frozen kaffir lime leavesFreezing preserves the leaf's oil glands intact, so the aroma survives far better than it does through drying.
MethodAdd them to the pot straight from frozen; they need no thawing.
Trade-offEssentially indistinguishable from fresh in a cooked dish. Slightly less vivid if you were shredding them raw over a salad.
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 1 tsp finely grated lime zestThe leaf and the peel of the same fruit share their principal citrus terpenes, so zest gives you the closest available aromatic match.
MethodAdd zest towards the end of cooking. It loses its aroma over a long simmer where the leaves would keep going.
Trade-offSharper and less floral, missing the particular perfumed quality that makes a Thai curry smell the way it does.
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 1 tsp lime zest + 1 dried bay leafBay contributes the slow, leafy aromatic backbone and the zest contributes the citrus, together imitating the two things a lime leaf does at once.
MethodPut the bay in at the start and the zest in near the end, then remove the bay leaf before serving.
Trade-offBetter than zest alone in a long-cooked curry, but the eucalyptus edge of bay is a note kaffir lime does not have.
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 3 dried kaffir lime leavesMuch of the volatile citrus oil is lost in drying, so more dried leaves are needed rather than fewer - the reverse of the usual dried-herb rule.
MethodSimmer them for longer than fresh leaves, and rehydrate them briefly in hot water first if the dish cooks quickly.
Trade-offNoticeably faded and a little papery. Acceptable in a soup, poor anywhere the aroma is meant to lead.
The central rib is tough. Fold the leaf in half, tear the rib out, and shred what remains as finely as you can if it is going into the dish rather than being fished back out.
At a glance
| Category | Herbs |
|---|---|
| Job in a recipe | A high, floral citrus perfume that survives simmering - it flavours coconut curries and soups from the start rather than the finish |
| Suits | Vegan, Vegetarian, Gluten-free, Dairy-free, Egg-free, Nut-free, Soy-free |
| Swaps available for | Dairy-freeEgg-freeGluten-freeNut-freeSoy-freeVeganVegetarian |
| Number of substitutes | 4 |
Questions
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 2 frozen kaffir lime leaves. Freezing preserves the leaf's oil glands intact, so the aroma survives far better than it does through drying. Essentially indistinguishable from fresh in a cooked dish. Slightly less vivid if you were shredding them raw over a salad.
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 1 tsp finely grated lime zest. The leaf and the peel of the same fruit share their principal citrus terpenes, so zest gives you the closest available aromatic match. Sharper and less floral, missing the particular perfumed quality that makes a Thai curry smell the way it does.
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 1 tsp lime zest + 1 dried bay leaf. Bay contributes the slow, leafy aromatic backbone and the zest contributes the citrus, together imitating the two things a lime leaf does at once. Better than zest alone in a long-cooked curry, but the eucalyptus edge of bay is a note kaffir lime does not have.
2 fresh kaffir lime leaves = 3 dried kaffir lime leaves. Much of the volatile citrus oil is lost in drying, so more dried leaves are needed rather than fewer - the reverse of the usual dried-herb rule. Noticeably faded and a little papery. Acceptable in a soup, poor anywhere the aroma is meant to lead.
Related
Cooking around an allergy? Diet tags here describe the ingredient itself, not any particular brand. Processed products change formulation without notice and shared production lines are common, so read the label on everything you use. A severe allergy is a medical matter - confirm with the manufacturer or your clinician rather than relying on a substitution chart.